Microelectronic devices are known in the industry as electrostatic sensitive devices. Generally speaking, the electrostatic resistance of field effect devices, bipolar devices and other micro-electronic devices is weak, and the electrostatic resistance of human body or the device itself is enough to cause damage to the device. If do not have protection, micro electronic device loses function very likely because of static electricity, affect product quality. Microelectronic devices are generally sensitive to electrostatic discharge. Because of the small size of microelectronic devices, it is difficult to judge whether they fail from the appearance. The only way is through technical measurement, when judging whether the microelectronic device is intact, check its specific parameters and conditions. Therefore, it is very important to improve the antistatic measures of microelectronic devices in packaging, transportation, storage and use.
Electrostatic hazard characteristics:
Concealment: human body cannot directly sense static electricity unless electrostatic discharge occurs, but human body may not feel electric shock when electrostatic discharge occurs, because the voltage of electrostatic discharge perceived by human body is 2-3 KV.
Latent: The performance of some electronic components is not significantly decreased after being damaged by static electricity, but the accumulated discharge will cause internal damage to the components, forming hidden dangers.
Randomness: Under what circumstances can electronic components be damaged by static electricity? It can be said that all processes, from the creation of a component to its breakdown, are threatened by static electricity, which is also flexible.
Complexity: Electrostatic discharge damage failure analysis due to the fine, thin and tiny structure characteristics of electronic products, time-consuming, laborious, high cost, high technical requirements, often need to use scanning electron microscope and other high-precision instruments. Even so, some electrostatic damage phenomenon is difficult to distinguish from the damage caused by other reasons, so that people mistake the electrostatic damage failure as other faults. This is often attributed to early failure or failure in unknown conditions before fully understanding the damage caused by electrostatic discharge, thus unconsciously covering up the true cause of the failure.
Microelectronic electrostatic protection:
Operator: People are the biggest source of static electricity. Static electricity will be generated when people walk or work, and it may be generated when they contact or get close to microelectronic devices. To minimize personnel, wear antistatic clothes, gloves, antistatic shoes, and wear antistatic bracelets/anklets and ground them reliably. Develop good working habits and stay away from electrostatic sensitive products in the absence of or incomplete antistatic measures.
Equipment: In order to improve the production capacity of enterprises, automation equipment is applied in many processes, the operation of these equipment will generate a lot of static electricity. In the process of microelectronic devices, static electricity will be released in various processes, and a large number of microelectronic devices will fail. All equipment, instruments, workstations, stools, shelves should be reliably grounded. Mobile trolley and so on also through the installation of static electricity release link.
Materials: Use antistatic/conductive materials to make worktops, turntables/containers in the operating environment.
Environment: Static electricity generation is directly proportional to the humidity of the environment, that is, the greater the humidity, the less static electricity generation. However, high humidity can easily lead to rust and corrosion. Overall consideration, under normal circumstances, the humidity of electronic production workshop is maintained at 30%-70%RH. In addition, ionic fans can also be used to neutralize static charges.