The Mcu may not be known to most of us, but we are exposed to it every day.
Mcu is actually Microcontroller, which is short for English Microcontroller Unit, Chinese name is Microcontroller, commonly known as Microcontroller.
This time may be a lot of and asked: what is the single chip microcomputer?
MCU is to do appropriate to cut and specification, the CPU frequency and memory, the counter, A/D conversion, USB, UART, PLC, DMA and other peripheral interfaces, even the LCD driver circuit are integrated on A single chip, the formation of computer MCU chip level, use is simply A chip can be used in the making of intelligent electronic products, specific see below.
With the development of science, MCU has penetrated into every aspect of our life, and we can almost come into contact with the products based on the SCM chip development every day. For example, mobile phone, PC peripheral, remote control, car, electronics, as well as the home of rice cooker, induction cooker, microwave oven, air conditioning, washing machine inside, in fact, are using microcontroller with different circuits to achieve. In addition, combined with the Internet of things, SCM can do more high-end things, such as smart home, smart parking, smart agriculture and so on.
Microcontroller is just a chip, let it across so many industries the most critical factor, is its programmable characteristics: you can write C language or assembly program, download into the microcontroller, let it according to the set logic control circuit.
Classification and application of MCU
After understanding the basic concept of MCU, we will look at the classification of MCU, according to the purpose, the basic operation of the data bit, memory structure, memory type, instruction structure and so on.
According to the purpose -- can be divided into universal MCU and special MCU, the universal type refers to the development of resources (ROM, RAM, I/O, EPROM) all provided to the user MCU; Special MCU means that the hardware and instructions are designed for a specific purpose, such as recorder movement controller, printer controller, motor controller, etc.
According to the data bits of its basic operation - according to the width of the bus or data memory, the microcontroller is divided into 1, 4, 8, 16, 32 or even 64 microcontroller.
8-bit, 16-bit MCU is mainly used in the general control field, generally do not use the operating system, 16-bit MCU is mostly used in mobile phones, digital cameras and video recorders, etc. 32-bit is used for complex processing such as network operation and multimedia processing. Generally, an embedded operating system is used. 64-bit MCUS are mostly used in advanced workstations, multimedia interactive systems, advanced video game instruments (such as SEGA's Dreamcast and Nintendo's GameBoy) and advanced terminals.
According to the type of memory - can be divided into no in-chip ROM type and in-chip ROM type two.
MCU can be divided into Harvard structure and Von Neumann structure according to its memory structure.
Reduced Instruction Set Comuter (RISC) and CISC(Complex Instruction Set Computer)
What's the difference between an MCU and a normal chip?
There are many kinds of chips on the market, and the biggest difference between MCU and ordinary chips is whether the program control can be written. However, due to their respective functions and application fields are not the same, put together there is no comparison.